Metatarsalgia is a term used to describe a painful foot condition in the area connecting the small toes (more commonly referred to as the ball of the foot).
Metatarsalgia can affect anyone who spends significant time on their feet. This condition frequently affects runners and other athletes who participate in high impact sports. Although generally not considered a serious condition, the pain can sideline you whether you are an Olympic athlete or a weekend warrior. Besides pain on the ball of your foot, other symptoms may include numbness and tingling in the toes, sharp pain that worsens when you flex your feet, and a feeling that you have a bruise on your foot or are walking on a stone.
When your foot does not function properly (as in over-pronation or flattening of your arch) too much weight is shifted to the 2nd, 3rd and 4th metatarsal heads. These smaller heads are not designed to take such repetitive excess loads, so they get inflamed as with any overuse injury. Other contributing factors can include: an increase in activity or training, excess weight, length of time one must be on their feet in a day, and poorly fitting shoes.
The first step in the treatment of metatarsalgia is to address the cause of the pain.
Foot orthotics
The right custom-made orthotics will address your pain by correcting the cause of your foot dysfunction. An orthotic is designed to completely support the corrected arch of your foot, determined by a unique way of capturing your optimal foot position. They reverse abnormal joint stresses, allowing affected tissues to heal and normal joint function to be restored. In this way, orthotics provide both primary treatment and preventative care by restoring normal weight bearing function to your big toe and first metatarsal. When this is done, the cause of your pain is addressed rather than just the symptoms.
Anti-inflammatory agents
These may include ice and oral anti-inflammatory medications. They provide a temporary relief from the pain of inflammation, but are not helpful in addressing the underlying cause of your condition.
Exercises
A regular calf stretching routine should be a part of any treatment regimen.
Footwear
Advice that focuses on taking the pressure off the metatarsals should also be followed. Unloading the pressure on the ball of the foot with a reduced heel height shoe may be helpful.
Injections
Depending on the cause of your metatarsal pain, this intervention may be considered. It involves the injection of a medication that blocks the transmission of pain through the nerves of your foot.
Surgery
In cases when the foot does not respond to conservative measures, your podiatrist may recommend surgery.
With a proper diagnosis and a well-rounded treatment plan, the prognosis is set to be excellent. With foot orthotics, you can expect 50-70% relief on the first month, 70-90% on the second month, and 90-100% on the third.